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- # event/api.py
- # Copyright (C) 2005-2022 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
- # <see AUTHORS file>
- #
- # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
- # the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
- """Public API functions for the event system.
- """
- from __future__ import absolute_import
- from .base import _registrars
- from .registry import _EventKey
- from .. import exc
- from .. import util
- CANCEL = util.symbol("CANCEL")
- NO_RETVAL = util.symbol("NO_RETVAL")
- def _event_key(target, identifier, fn):
- for evt_cls in _registrars[identifier]:
- tgt = evt_cls._accept_with(target)
- if tgt is not None:
- return _EventKey(target, identifier, fn, tgt)
- else:
- raise exc.InvalidRequestError(
- "No such event '%s' for target '%s'" % (identifier, target)
- )
- def listen(target, identifier, fn, *args, **kw):
- """Register a listener function for the given target.
- The :func:`.listen` function is part of the primary interface for the
- SQLAlchemy event system, documented at :ref:`event_toplevel`.
- e.g.::
- from sqlalchemy import event
- from sqlalchemy.schema import UniqueConstraint
- def unique_constraint_name(const, table):
- const.name = "uq_%s_%s" % (
- table.name,
- list(const.columns)[0].name
- )
- event.listen(
- UniqueConstraint,
- "after_parent_attach",
- unique_constraint_name)
- :param bool insert: The default behavior for event handlers is to append
- the decorated user defined function to an internal list of registered
- event listeners upon discovery. If a user registers a function with
- ``insert=True``, SQLAlchemy will insert (prepend) the function to the
- internal list upon discovery. This feature is not typically used or
- recommended by the SQLAlchemy maintainers, but is provided to ensure
- certain user defined functions can run before others, such as when
- :ref:`Changing the sql_mode in MySQL <mysql_sql_mode>`.
- :param bool named: When using named argument passing, the names listed in
- the function argument specification will be used as keys in the
- dictionary.
- See :ref:`event_named_argument_styles`.
- :param bool once: Private/Internal API usage. Deprecated. This parameter
- would provide that an event function would run only once per given
- target. It does not however imply automatic de-registration of the
- listener function; associating an arbitrarily high number of listeners
- without explicitly removing them will cause memory to grow unbounded even
- if ``once=True`` is specified.
- :param bool propagate: The ``propagate`` kwarg is available when working
- with ORM instrumentation and mapping events.
- See :class:`_ormevent.MapperEvents` and
- :meth:`_ormevent.MapperEvents.before_mapper_configured` for examples.
- :param bool retval: This flag applies only to specific event listeners,
- each of which includes documentation explaining when it should be used.
- By default, no listener ever requires a return value.
- However, some listeners do support special behaviors for return values,
- and include in their documentation that the ``retval=True`` flag is
- necessary for a return value to be processed.
- Event listener suites that make use of :paramref:`_event.listen.retval`
- include :class:`_events.ConnectionEvents` and
- :class:`_ormevent.AttributeEvents`.
- .. note::
- The :func:`.listen` function cannot be called at the same time
- that the target event is being run. This has implications
- for thread safety, and also means an event cannot be added
- from inside the listener function for itself. The list of
- events to be run are present inside of a mutable collection
- that can't be changed during iteration.
- Event registration and removal is not intended to be a "high
- velocity" operation; it is a configurational operation. For
- systems that need to quickly associate and deassociate with
- events at high scale, use a mutable structure that is handled
- from inside of a single listener.
- .. seealso::
- :func:`.listens_for`
- :func:`.remove`
- """
- _event_key(target, identifier, fn).listen(*args, **kw)
- def listens_for(target, identifier, *args, **kw):
- """Decorate a function as a listener for the given target + identifier.
- The :func:`.listens_for` decorator is part of the primary interface for the
- SQLAlchemy event system, documented at :ref:`event_toplevel`.
- This function generally shares the same kwargs as :func:`.listens`.
- e.g.::
- from sqlalchemy import event
- from sqlalchemy.schema import UniqueConstraint
- @event.listens_for(UniqueConstraint, "after_parent_attach")
- def unique_constraint_name(const, table):
- const.name = "uq_%s_%s" % (
- table.name,
- list(const.columns)[0].name
- )
- A given function can also be invoked for only the first invocation
- of the event using the ``once`` argument::
- @event.listens_for(Mapper, "before_configure", once=True)
- def on_config():
- do_config()
- .. warning:: The ``once`` argument does not imply automatic de-registration
- of the listener function after it has been invoked a first time; a
- listener entry will remain associated with the target object.
- Associating an arbitrarily high number of listeners without explicitly
- removing them will cause memory to grow unbounded even if ``once=True``
- is specified.
- .. seealso::
- :func:`.listen` - general description of event listening
- """
- def decorate(fn):
- listen(target, identifier, fn, *args, **kw)
- return fn
- return decorate
- def remove(target, identifier, fn):
- """Remove an event listener.
- The arguments here should match exactly those which were sent to
- :func:`.listen`; all the event registration which proceeded as a result
- of this call will be reverted by calling :func:`.remove` with the same
- arguments.
- e.g.::
- # if a function was registered like this...
- @event.listens_for(SomeMappedClass, "before_insert", propagate=True)
- def my_listener_function(*arg):
- pass
- # ... it's removed like this
- event.remove(SomeMappedClass, "before_insert", my_listener_function)
- Above, the listener function associated with ``SomeMappedClass`` was also
- propagated to subclasses of ``SomeMappedClass``; the :func:`.remove`
- function will revert all of these operations.
- .. note::
- The :func:`.remove` function cannot be called at the same time
- that the target event is being run. This has implications
- for thread safety, and also means an event cannot be removed
- from inside the listener function for itself. The list of
- events to be run are present inside of a mutable collection
- that can't be changed during iteration.
- Event registration and removal is not intended to be a "high
- velocity" operation; it is a configurational operation. For
- systems that need to quickly associate and deassociate with
- events at high scale, use a mutable structure that is handled
- from inside of a single listener.
- .. versionchanged:: 1.0.0 - a ``collections.deque()`` object is now
- used as the container for the list of events, which explicitly
- disallows collection mutation while the collection is being
- iterated.
- .. seealso::
- :func:`.listen`
- """
- _event_key(target, identifier, fn).remove()
- def contains(target, identifier, fn):
- """Return True if the given target/ident/fn is set up to listen."""
- return _event_key(target, identifier, fn).contains()
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