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- # sqlalchemy/sql/events.py
- # Copyright (C) 2005-2022 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
- # <see AUTHORS file>
- #
- # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
- # the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
- from .base import SchemaEventTarget
- from .. import event
- class DDLEvents(event.Events):
- """
- Define event listeners for schema objects,
- that is, :class:`.SchemaItem` and other :class:`.SchemaEventTarget`
- subclasses, including :class:`_schema.MetaData`, :class:`_schema.Table`,
- :class:`_schema.Column`.
- :class:`_schema.MetaData` and :class:`_schema.Table` support events
- specifically regarding when CREATE and DROP
- DDL is emitted to the database.
- Attachment events are also provided to customize
- behavior whenever a child schema element is associated
- with a parent, such as, when a :class:`_schema.Column` is associated
- with its :class:`_schema.Table`, when a
- :class:`_schema.ForeignKeyConstraint`
- is associated with a :class:`_schema.Table`, etc.
- Example using the ``after_create`` event::
- from sqlalchemy import event
- from sqlalchemy import Table, Column, Metadata, Integer
- m = MetaData()
- some_table = Table('some_table', m, Column('data', Integer))
- def after_create(target, connection, **kw):
- connection.execute(text(
- "ALTER TABLE %s SET name=foo_%s" % (target.name, target.name)
- ))
- event.listen(some_table, "after_create", after_create)
- DDL events integrate closely with the
- :class:`.DDL` class and the :class:`.DDLElement` hierarchy
- of DDL clause constructs, which are themselves appropriate
- as listener callables::
- from sqlalchemy import DDL
- event.listen(
- some_table,
- "after_create",
- DDL("ALTER TABLE %(table)s SET name=foo_%(table)s")
- )
- The methods here define the name of an event as well
- as the names of members that are passed to listener
- functions.
- For all :class:`.DDLEvent` events, the ``propagate=True`` keyword argument
- will ensure that a given event handler is propagated to copies of the
- object, which are made when using the :meth:`_schema.Table.to_metadata`
- method::
- from sqlalchemy import DDL
- event.listen(
- some_table,
- "after_create",
- DDL("ALTER TABLE %(table)s SET name=foo_%(table)s"),
- propagate=True
- )
- new_table = some_table.to_metadata(new_metadata)
- The above :class:`.DDL` object will also be associated with the
- :class:`_schema.Table` object represented by ``new_table``.
- .. seealso::
- :ref:`event_toplevel`
- :class:`.DDLElement`
- :class:`.DDL`
- :ref:`schema_ddl_sequences`
- """
- _target_class_doc = "SomeSchemaClassOrObject"
- _dispatch_target = SchemaEventTarget
- def before_create(self, target, connection, **kw):
- r"""Called before CREATE statements are emitted.
- :param target: the :class:`_schema.MetaData` or :class:`_schema.Table`
- object which is the target of the event.
- :param connection: the :class:`_engine.Connection` where the
- CREATE statement or statements will be emitted.
- :param \**kw: additional keyword arguments relevant
- to the event. The contents of this dictionary
- may vary across releases, and include the
- list of tables being generated for a metadata-level
- event, the checkfirst flag, and other
- elements used by internal events.
- :func:`.event.listen` accepts the ``propagate=True``
- modifier for this event; when True, the listener function will
- be established for any copies made of the target object,
- i.e. those copies that are generated when
- :meth:`_schema.Table.to_metadata` is used.
- :func:`.event.listen` accepts the ``insert=True``
- modifier for this event; when True, the listener function will
- be prepended to the internal list of events upon discovery, and execute
- before registered listener functions that do not pass this argument.
- """
- def after_create(self, target, connection, **kw):
- r"""Called after CREATE statements are emitted.
- :param target: the :class:`_schema.MetaData` or :class:`_schema.Table`
- object which is the target of the event.
- :param connection: the :class:`_engine.Connection` where the
- CREATE statement or statements have been emitted.
- :param \**kw: additional keyword arguments relevant
- to the event. The contents of this dictionary
- may vary across releases, and include the
- list of tables being generated for a metadata-level
- event, the checkfirst flag, and other
- elements used by internal events.
- :func:`.event.listen` also accepts the ``propagate=True``
- modifier for this event; when True, the listener function will
- be established for any copies made of the target object,
- i.e. those copies that are generated when
- :meth:`_schema.Table.to_metadata` is used.
- """
- def before_drop(self, target, connection, **kw):
- r"""Called before DROP statements are emitted.
- :param target: the :class:`_schema.MetaData` or :class:`_schema.Table`
- object which is the target of the event.
- :param connection: the :class:`_engine.Connection` where the
- DROP statement or statements will be emitted.
- :param \**kw: additional keyword arguments relevant
- to the event. The contents of this dictionary
- may vary across releases, and include the
- list of tables being generated for a metadata-level
- event, the checkfirst flag, and other
- elements used by internal events.
- :func:`.event.listen` also accepts the ``propagate=True``
- modifier for this event; when True, the listener function will
- be established for any copies made of the target object,
- i.e. those copies that are generated when
- :meth:`_schema.Table.to_metadata` is used.
- """
- def after_drop(self, target, connection, **kw):
- r"""Called after DROP statements are emitted.
- :param target: the :class:`_schema.MetaData` or :class:`_schema.Table`
- object which is the target of the event.
- :param connection: the :class:`_engine.Connection` where the
- DROP statement or statements have been emitted.
- :param \**kw: additional keyword arguments relevant
- to the event. The contents of this dictionary
- may vary across releases, and include the
- list of tables being generated for a metadata-level
- event, the checkfirst flag, and other
- elements used by internal events.
- :func:`.event.listen` also accepts the ``propagate=True``
- modifier for this event; when True, the listener function will
- be established for any copies made of the target object,
- i.e. those copies that are generated when
- :meth:`_schema.Table.to_metadata` is used.
- """
- def before_parent_attach(self, target, parent):
- """Called before a :class:`.SchemaItem` is associated with
- a parent :class:`.SchemaItem`.
- :param target: the target object
- :param parent: the parent to which the target is being attached.
- :func:`.event.listen` also accepts the ``propagate=True``
- modifier for this event; when True, the listener function will
- be established for any copies made of the target object,
- i.e. those copies that are generated when
- :meth:`_schema.Table.to_metadata` is used.
- """
- def after_parent_attach(self, target, parent):
- """Called after a :class:`.SchemaItem` is associated with
- a parent :class:`.SchemaItem`.
- :param target: the target object
- :param parent: the parent to which the target is being attached.
- :func:`.event.listen` also accepts the ``propagate=True``
- modifier for this event; when True, the listener function will
- be established for any copies made of the target object,
- i.e. those copies that are generated when
- :meth:`_schema.Table.to_metadata` is used.
- """
- def _sa_event_column_added_to_pk_constraint(self, const, col):
- """internal event hook used for primary key naming convention
- updates.
- """
- def column_reflect(self, inspector, table, column_info):
- """Called for each unit of 'column info' retrieved when
- a :class:`_schema.Table` is being reflected.
- This event is most easily used by applying it to a specific
- :class:`_schema.MetaData` instance, where it will take effect for
- all :class:`_schema.Table` objects within that
- :class:`_schema.MetaData` that undergo reflection::
- metadata = MetaData()
- @event.listens_for(metadata, 'column_reflect')
- def receive_column_reflect(inspector, table, column_info):
- # receives for all Table objects that are reflected
- # under this MetaData
- # will use the above event hook
- my_table = Table("my_table", metadata, autoload_with=some_engine)
- .. versionadded:: 1.4.0b2 The :meth:`_events.DDLEvents.column_reflect`
- hook may now be applied to a :class:`_schema.MetaData` object as
- well as the :class:`_schema.MetaData` class itself where it will
- take place for all :class:`_schema.Table` objects associated with
- the targeted :class:`_schema.MetaData`.
- It may also be applied to the :class:`_schema.Table` class across
- the board::
- from sqlalchemy import Table
- @event.listens_for(Table, 'column_reflect')
- def receive_column_reflect(inspector, table, column_info):
- # receives for all Table objects that are reflected
- It can also be applied to a specific :class:`_schema.Table` at the
- point that one is being reflected using the
- :paramref:`_schema.Table.listeners` parameter::
- t1 = Table(
- "my_table",
- autoload_with=some_engine,
- listeners=[
- ('column_reflect', receive_column_reflect)
- ]
- )
- A future release will allow it to be associated with a specific
- :class:`_schema.MetaData` object as well.
- The dictionary of column information as returned by the
- dialect is passed, and can be modified. The dictionary
- is that returned in each element of the list returned
- by :meth:`.reflection.Inspector.get_columns`:
- * ``name`` - the column's name, is applied to the
- :paramref:`_schema.Column.name` parameter
- * ``type`` - the type of this column, which should be an instance
- of :class:`~sqlalchemy.types.TypeEngine`, is applied to the
- :paramref:`_schema.Column.type` parameter
- * ``nullable`` - boolean flag if the column is NULL or NOT NULL,
- is applied to the :paramref:`_schema.Column.nullable` parameter
- * ``default`` - the column's server default value. This is
- normally specified as a plain string SQL expression, however the
- event can pass a :class:`.FetchedValue`, :class:`.DefaultClause`,
- or :func:`_expression.text` object as well. Is applied to the
- :paramref:`_schema.Column.server_default` parameter
- The event is called before any action is taken against
- this dictionary, and the contents can be modified; the following
- additional keys may be added to the dictionary to further modify
- how the :class:`_schema.Column` is constructed:
- * ``key`` - the string key that will be used to access this
- :class:`_schema.Column` in the ``.c`` collection; will be applied
- to the :paramref:`_schema.Column.key` parameter. Is also used
- for ORM mapping. See the section
- :ref:`mapper_automated_reflection_schemes` for an example.
- * ``quote`` - force or un-force quoting on the column name;
- is applied to the :paramref:`_schema.Column.quote` parameter.
- * ``info`` - a dictionary of arbitrary data to follow along with
- the :class:`_schema.Column`, is applied to the
- :paramref:`_schema.Column.info` parameter.
- :func:`.event.listen` also accepts the ``propagate=True``
- modifier for this event; when True, the listener function will
- be established for any copies made of the target object,
- i.e. those copies that are generated when
- :meth:`_schema.Table.to_metadata` is used.
- .. seealso::
- :ref:`mapper_automated_reflection_schemes` -
- in the ORM mapping documentation
- :ref:`automap_intercepting_columns` -
- in the :ref:`automap_toplevel` documentation
- :ref:`metadata_reflection_dbagnostic_types` - in
- the :ref:`metadata_reflection_toplevel` documentation
- """
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