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- # Copyright (C) 2005-2022 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
- # <see AUTHORS file>
- #
- # This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
- # the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
- from ... import util
- from ...sql import coercions
- from ...sql import roles
- from ...sql.base import _exclusive_against
- from ...sql.base import _generative
- from ...sql.base import ColumnCollection
- from ...sql.dml import Insert as StandardInsert
- from ...sql.elements import ClauseElement
- from ...sql.expression import alias
- from ...util.langhelpers import public_factory
- __all__ = ("Insert", "insert")
- class Insert(StandardInsert):
- """SQLite-specific implementation of INSERT.
- Adds methods for SQLite-specific syntaxes such as ON CONFLICT.
- The :class:`_sqlite.Insert` object is created using the
- :func:`sqlalchemy.dialects.sqlite.insert` function.
- .. versionadded:: 1.4
- .. seealso::
- :ref:`sqlite_on_conflict_insert`
- """
- stringify_dialect = "sqlite"
- inherit_cache = False
- @util.memoized_property
- def excluded(self):
- """Provide the ``excluded`` namespace for an ON CONFLICT statement
- SQLite's ON CONFLICT clause allows reference to the row that would
- be inserted, known as ``excluded``. This attribute provides
- all columns in this row to be referenceable.
- .. tip:: The :attr:`_sqlite.Insert.excluded` attribute is an instance
- of :class:`_expression.ColumnCollection`, which provides an
- interface the same as that of the :attr:`_schema.Table.c`
- collection described at :ref:`metadata_tables_and_columns`.
- With this collection, ordinary names are accessible like attributes
- (e.g. ``stmt.excluded.some_column``), but special names and
- dictionary method names should be accessed using indexed access,
- such as ``stmt.excluded["column name"]`` or
- ``stmt.excluded["values"]``. See the docstring for
- :class:`_expression.ColumnCollection` for further examples.
- """
- return alias(self.table, name="excluded").columns
- _on_conflict_exclusive = _exclusive_against(
- "_post_values_clause",
- msgs={
- "_post_values_clause": "This Insert construct already has "
- "an ON CONFLICT clause established"
- },
- )
- @_generative
- @_on_conflict_exclusive
- def on_conflict_do_update(
- self,
- index_elements=None,
- index_where=None,
- set_=None,
- where=None,
- ):
- r"""
- Specifies a DO UPDATE SET action for ON CONFLICT clause.
- :param index_elements:
- A sequence consisting of string column names, :class:`_schema.Column`
- objects, or other column expression objects that will be used
- to infer a target index or unique constraint.
- :param index_where:
- Additional WHERE criterion that can be used to infer a
- conditional target index.
- :param set\_:
- A dictionary or other mapping object
- where the keys are either names of columns in the target table,
- or :class:`_schema.Column` objects or other ORM-mapped columns
- matching that of the target table, and expressions or literals
- as values, specifying the ``SET`` actions to take.
- .. versionadded:: 1.4 The
- :paramref:`_sqlite.Insert.on_conflict_do_update.set_`
- parameter supports :class:`_schema.Column` objects from the target
- :class:`_schema.Table` as keys.
- .. warning:: This dictionary does **not** take into account
- Python-specified default UPDATE values or generation functions,
- e.g. those specified using :paramref:`_schema.Column.onupdate`.
- These values will not be exercised for an ON CONFLICT style of
- UPDATE, unless they are manually specified in the
- :paramref:`.Insert.on_conflict_do_update.set_` dictionary.
- :param where:
- Optional argument. If present, can be a literal SQL
- string or an acceptable expression for a ``WHERE`` clause
- that restricts the rows affected by ``DO UPDATE SET``. Rows
- not meeting the ``WHERE`` condition will not be updated
- (effectively a ``DO NOTHING`` for those rows).
- """
- self._post_values_clause = OnConflictDoUpdate(
- index_elements, index_where, set_, where
- )
- @_generative
- @_on_conflict_exclusive
- def on_conflict_do_nothing(self, index_elements=None, index_where=None):
- """
- Specifies a DO NOTHING action for ON CONFLICT clause.
- :param index_elements:
- A sequence consisting of string column names, :class:`_schema.Column`
- objects, or other column expression objects that will be used
- to infer a target index or unique constraint.
- :param index_where:
- Additional WHERE criterion that can be used to infer a
- conditional target index.
- """
- self._post_values_clause = OnConflictDoNothing(
- index_elements, index_where
- )
- insert = public_factory(
- Insert, ".dialects.sqlite.insert", ".dialects.sqlite.Insert"
- )
- class OnConflictClause(ClauseElement):
- stringify_dialect = "sqlite"
- def __init__(self, index_elements=None, index_where=None):
- if index_elements is not None:
- self.constraint_target = None
- self.inferred_target_elements = index_elements
- self.inferred_target_whereclause = index_where
- else:
- self.constraint_target = (
- self.inferred_target_elements
- ) = self.inferred_target_whereclause = None
- class OnConflictDoNothing(OnConflictClause):
- __visit_name__ = "on_conflict_do_nothing"
- class OnConflictDoUpdate(OnConflictClause):
- __visit_name__ = "on_conflict_do_update"
- def __init__(
- self,
- index_elements=None,
- index_where=None,
- set_=None,
- where=None,
- ):
- super(OnConflictDoUpdate, self).__init__(
- index_elements=index_elements,
- index_where=index_where,
- )
- if isinstance(set_, dict):
- if not set_:
- raise ValueError("set parameter dictionary must not be empty")
- elif isinstance(set_, ColumnCollection):
- set_ = dict(set_)
- else:
- raise ValueError(
- "set parameter must be a non-empty dictionary "
- "or a ColumnCollection such as the `.c.` collection "
- "of a Table object"
- )
- self.update_values_to_set = [
- (coercions.expect(roles.DMLColumnRole, key), value)
- for key, value in set_.items()
- ]
- self.update_whereclause = where
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